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1.
São Paulo; s.n; 2022. 81 p. tab, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, Inca | ID: biblio-1444989

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: No Brasil, o câncer gástrico, colorretal, esôfago e pâncreas, apresentam alta incidência, mortalidade e baixa sobrevida, e o atraso para o início do tratamento oncológico pode impactar na sobrevida. OBJETIVOS: Estimar sobrevida global em um ano, dos casos Adenocarcinoma Gástrico (AdG), fatores prognósticos associados, anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade (DALY), anos de vida perdidos (YLL) e anos vividos com incapacidade (YLD). Analisar a tendência do tempo entre o diagnóstico e o início do tratamento (TiT) oncológico de câncer de esôfago, pâncreas, gástrico e colorretal no Brasil e regiões. MATERIAL, MÉTODOS, RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: Tese dividida em dois manuscritos. MANUSCRITO 1: Coorte prospectiva hospitalar, casos entrevistados de fevereiro/2016 a julho/2019. A sobrevida foi analisada pelo método Kaplan-Meier e aplicado teste logrank para comparação das curvas. Calculados Hazard Ratio (HR) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) através do modelo de Cox. Os DALY foram a soma YLL e YLD. YLL foram a soma do total de anos perdidos antes dos 76,6 anos e YLD a multiplicação do número de casos pela duração e peso da doença. Dos 214 casos a probabilidade de sobrevida em um ano foi 80,8% (IC95% 75,7% - 86,3%) e, em modelo múltiplo ajustado por idade e sexo, os fatores prognósticos foram: doença cerebrovascular (HR 8,5, IC95% 3,3-21,8), estadiamentos III/IV (HR 5,7, IC95% 2,3-13,7), diabetes (HR 3,2, IC95% 1,5-6,6) e <9 anos estudo (HR 2,9, IC95% 1,5-5,8). Houve 700,7 DALY, 90,5% (634,51) YLL e 9,4% (66,21) YLD, foram perdidos em média 15,5 anos/morte. O sexo feminino teve maior YLL/morte (19,2 YLL/morte). Este estudo foi realizado num único centro oncológico, portanto, resultados não podem ser generalizados. Até onde sabemos, este estudo foi o primeiro a avaliar DALY, YLL e YLL por óbito em uma coorte hospitalar de AdG no Brasil. MANUSCRITO 2: Estudo ecológico com dados agregados do PAINEL-oncologia, câncer esôfago (C15), gástrico (C16), colorretal (C18, C19 e C20) e pâncreas (C25), de 30 a 69 anos. Identificados número de casos por ano, sexo (masculino e feminino) e modalidade terapêutica (cirurgia e outros tratamentos) e calculada proporção por mil para cada ano do período de 2013 a 2021. TiT estratificado em: <30 dias, 31 a 60 dias, >61 dias e não informado. Realizou-se análise de tendência da proporção de casos tratados pelo cálculo da variação percentual anual média (AAPC). Em todas neoplasias houve maior proporção de casos entre 30 e 69 anos, sexo masculino e outros tratamentos. Houve incremento TiT <30 dias no AAPC dos casos cirúrgicos câncer colorretal (4,4; IC 95% 0,6; 8,3 no Sul e 11,5; IC 95% 4,1; 19,3 no Norte) e pâncreas (6,7% no Nordeste e Sudeste). TiT >31 dias houve tendência de declínio ou estabilização dos casos. No Brasil e regiões houve aumento de falta de informação do TiT (14% e 37%), limitando maiores inferências. Conhecer tendência TiT auxilia monitoramento do panorama nacional de atenção oncológica. Sugere-se a redução da falta de informação para <10%. O PAINEL-Oncologia é importante ferramenta, cujo aperfeiçoamento suporta elaboração estratégias de prevenção terciária para gestores.


INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, gastric, colorectal, esophageal and pancreatic cancers have high incidence, mortality and low survival, and delay in starting cancer treatment can impact survival. PURPOSE: To estimate one-year overall survival of Gastric Adenocarcinoma (AdG) cases, associated prognostic factors, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD). To analyze the time trend between diagnosis and initiation of oncological treatment (TiT) for esophageal, pancreatic, gastric and colorectal cancer in Brazil and regions. MATERIAL, METHODS, RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Thesis divided into two manuscripts. MANUSCRIPT 1: Prospective hospital cohort, cases interviewed from February/2016 to July/2019. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method and logrank test was applied to compare curves. Calculated Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) using the Cox model. DALYs were sum of YLL and YLD. YLL were sum of the total years lost before age 76.6 years and YLD number of cases multiplied by the duration and weight of the disease. Of 214 cases, survival probability at one year was 80.8% (95%CI 75.7% - 86.3%) and, in a multiple model adjusted for age and gender, prognostic factors were: cerebrovascular disease (HR 8 .5, 95%CI 3.3-21.8), stages III/IV (HR 5.7, 95%CI 2.3-13.7), diabetes (HR 3.2, 95%CI 1.5-6, 6) and <9 years of study (HR 2.9, 95%CI 1.5-5.8). There were 700.7 DALYs, 90.5% (634.51) YLL and 9.4% (66.21) YLD, were lost at an average of 15.5 years/death. Females had higher YLL/death (19.2 YLL/death). This study was carried out in a single cancer center, therefore, results cannot be generalized. To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first to assess DALY, YLL, and YLL per death in a hospital AdG cohort in Brazil. MANUSCRIPT 2: Ecological study with aggregated data from PAINEL-Oncologia, esophageal (C15), gastric (C16), colorectal (C18, C19 and C20) and pancreatic (C25) cancer, aged 30 to 69 years. Number of cases per year, gender (male and female) and therapeutic modality (surgery and other treatments) were identified and proportion per thousand was calculated for each year (2013 to 2021). TiT stratified into: <30 days, 31 to 60 days, >61 days and not informed. Trend analysis of cases proportion was performed by calculating Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC). All neoplasms had a higher proportion of cases between 30 and 69 years, male and other treatments. There was an increase in TiT <30 days in the AAPC of surgical cases of colorectal cancer (4.4; CI 95% 0.6; 8.3 in the South and 11.5; CI 95% 4.1; 19.3 in the North) and pancreas (6.7% in the Northeast and Southeast). TiT >31 days there was a trend of decline or stabilization of cases. In Brazil and regions, there was an increase in lack of information on TiT (14% and 37%), limiting further inferences. Knowing the TiT trend helps to monitor the national panorama of oncological care. It is suggested to reduce the lack of information to <10%. The PANEL-Oncology is an important tool, improvement of which supports the development of tertiary prevention strategies for managers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Stomach Neoplasms , Esophageal Neoplasms , Colorectal Neoplasms , Survival Analysis , Adenocarcinoma
2.
Appl. cancer res ; 39: 1-4, 2019.
Article in English | LILACS, Inca | ID: biblio-1254174

ABSTRACT

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common type of cancer worldwide with high incidences in Asia, Central, and South American countries. This patchy distribution means that GC studies are neglected by large research centers from developed countries. The need for further understanding of this complex disease, including the local importance of epidemiological factors and the rich ancestral admixture found in Brazil, stimulated the implementation of the GE4GAC project. GE4GAC aims to embrace epidemiological, clinical, molecular and microbiological data from Brazilian controls and patients with malignant and pre-malignant gastric disease. In this letter, we summarize the main goals of the project, including subject and sample accrual and current findings


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brazil , Adenocarcinoma , Projects
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